Abstract

CIPRINQAUQSIG Project aimed to identify the scientific based fundamental issues on the low quality biological and chemical contaminated aquaculture products from cyprinid farms that might be delivered to the market. For this purpose, a research partnership between the National Research and Development for Food Bioresources Institute, the ”Danube Delta” National Research and Development Institute, the Polytechnic University of Bucharest – Research Centre for Environmental Protection and Ecological Technologies was created under the coordination of ”Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. The research conducted within this partnership aimed to develop study cases on the identification and synergic assessment of the chemical and biological contaminants in three representative cyprinid farms, located in the lower basin of the Danube and having different water sources: lower Siret river, lower Prut river and Danube delta. Project development began with the documentary study on the categories of biological and chemical hazards at the farm level which practicing the cyprinid open systems aquaculture in earth ponds. Than it continued with the experimental research on identification and evaluation of health hazards of biological and chemical contaminants in the selected aquaculture farms. The experimental investigations were conducted during the years 2008-2010, both in the vegetative season and the cold season. They started with the analysis of hazards related to biosecurity at the aquaculture facility level, respectively with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the structure of plankton and benthos and with the health status analysis of cultured fish. The experimental investigations continued with the qualitative assessment of Clostridium botulinum contaminants in the cultured fish and in its cultural environment, and with the assessment of chemical contaminants: heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons substances, organ chlorine compounds and polychlorinated biphenyls. So, the investigations were made of high performance at samples synchronous and periodic collected from the rearing environment of the farm and from the aquaculture products by developing methods for detection and control of biological and chemical contaminants of the cyprinid culture, to improve risk management and food chain contamination for alignment with the actual regulations. Concentration levels of heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, organ chlorine compounds and polychlorinated biphenyls substances measured in all samples collected from the period of years 2008-2010 from the pond sediment, water, plankton and fish was below the maximum limit allowed, and fish from these farms has been declared as uncontaminated. But it's reported the presence of E non-proteolytic strain of Clostridium botulinum species in the pond sediment and fish offal, in correlation with parameters of the aquatic environment, proving to be a risk factor that must be taken into account in the analysis of HACCP, given negative effects that may occur along the food chain. The project was completed with the work of drafting and editing of the Manual on fish production conditions in the system of food safety of Romanian aquaculture farms through HACCP approach, highlighting the limiting factors for biological and chemical contaminants of cyprinid culture in open aquaculture system. The outcome of the assessment of risk of contamination of fish culture can contribute to the development of guides to good practice on food safety at the fish farm level. Over the entire period of the project, all project partners have contributed to the dissemination of project results through presentation at international scientific meetings and publication of scientific articles indexed in databases recognized nationally and internationally. However, dissemination of project results has been materialized by the publication of two books: a guide to Clostridium botulinum species specific detection of by PCR, designated for specialized laboratories and a manual with description of the limiting factors for biological and chemical contaminants of cyprinid cultured in ponds, in open systems, designated for fish farmers and fishery trade associations to develop the HACCP plan at farm level.